可视化参考指南

图表 大全 - 包含 72 种图表类型的完整数据可视化指南

全面的可视化词汇表,包含72 种数据可视化类型,按用途分为 10 个类别。为您的数据故事选择合适的图表类型 - 从柱状图和折线图到树形图和桑基图。

LINE
Line
COL
Column
LCOL
Line + Column
AREA
Area Chart
STCOL
Stacked Column
STOCK
Stock Price
SLOPE
Slope
FAN
Fan Chart
CONN
Connected Scatter
CALHM
Calendar Heatmap
PRTL
Priestley Timeline
CIRTL
Circle Timeline
SEISM
Seismogram
BAR
Bar
MCOL
Column
PCOL
Paired Column
PBAR
Paired Bar
PSYM
Proportional Symbol
ISO
Isotype
LOLLI
Lollipop
RADAR
Radar
PARAL
Parallel Coordinates
PSTBAR
Proportional Stack Bar
PIE
Pie
DONUT
Donut
TREE
Treemap
VORO
Voronoi
ARC
Arc
GRID
Gridplot
SUN
Sunburst
WATER
Waterfall
VENN
Venn
STKBAR
Stacked Bar
DIVBAR
Diverging Bar
DIVSTK
Diverging Stacked Bar
SPINE
Spine Chart
SURDEF
Surplus/Deficit
SCAT
Scatterplot
BUBBLE
Bubble
XYHM
XY Heatmap
LNCOL
Line + Column
CONSCT
Connected Scatter
ORDBAR
Ordered Bar
ORDCOL
Ordered Column
ORDPS
Ordered Prop Symbol
DOTST
Dot Strip Plot
RSLOPE
Slope
RLOLLI
Lollipop
HIST
Histogram
DOTP
Dot Plot
BARCP
Barcode Plot
BOX
Boxplot
VIOLIN
Violin Plot
PYRAM
Population Pyramid
DDOTST
Dot Strip
CUMUL
Cumulative Curve
DPSTK
Proportional Stack
SANK
Sankey
CHORD
Chord
NET
Network
WFALL
Waterfall
CHORO
Choropleth
MPSYM
Proportional Symbol
FLMAP
Flow Map
CONTR
Contour Map
EQCAR
Equalised Cartogram
SCCAR
Scaled Cartogram
DOTDN
Dot Density
HEATM
Heat Map
COMBO
Combo Chart
FUNNEL
Funnel
GAUGE
Gauge
LIVE
Interactive preview available
Coming SoonIn development

Based on the FT Visual Vocabulary • 72 chart types across 10 categories

如何选择合适的图表

根据您想要传达的内容选择最佳数据可视化。将您的数据类型和目标与这 10 个图表类别进行匹配。

时间变化

数值如何随时间演变?

可视化数据中的趋势、模式和时间变化。非常适合跟踪进度、识别季节性或预测未来值。

图表类型: 折线图、柱状图、面积图、斜率图、K线图、扇形图、地震图
数量对比

数值有多大或多小?

比较不同类别的大小和数量。非常适合显示相对差异和进行直接的数值比较。

图表类型: 柱状图、条形图、棒棒糖图、子弹图、雷达图、比例符号图、等量图
部分与整体

整体由什么组成?

展示各个组成部分如何构成完整的图景。最适合成分分析、百分比分解和层次数据。

图表类型: 饼图、环形图、树形图、瀑布图、堆叠柱状图、马赛克图、网格图
偏差分析

数值与基准线有何不同?

突出显示与零、平均值或目标等参考点的变化。适用于显示正/负表现和情感分析。

图表类型: 发散柱状图、发散堆叠柱状图、脊柱图、盈余/赤字图
相关性

变量之间存在什么关系?

发现两个或多个变量之间的模式和联系。对于统计分析、趋势识别和假设检验至关重要。

图表类型: 散点图、气泡图、热力图、连接散点图、XY 热力图
排名

数值的顺序是什么?

按值排序显示项目以展示相对位置。非常适合排行榜、前/后列表、竞争分析和绩效排名。

图表类型: 有序柱状图、有序条形图、棒棒糖图、斜率图、凹凸图、点阵图
分布

数值如何分布在一个范围内?

了解数据点的频率和分布。对于统计分析、识别异常值和理解数据形态至关重要。

图表类型: 直方图、箱线图、小提琴图、点图、条形码图、蜂群图、人口金字塔
流向

数值如何在状态之间移动?

跟踪实体之间的移动、转移和连接。非常适合展示流程、迁移、用户旅程和资源分配。

图表类型: 桑基图、弦图、网络图、瀑布图
空间

数值在地理上位于何处?

在地图上显示具有地理背景的数据。对于区域分析、基于位置的洞察和理解地理分布模式至关重要。

图表类型: 分级统计图、变形图、点密度图、流向图、等高线图、热力图
其他

需要专业的可视化?

有些数据故事需要不符合传统类别的独特图表类型。这些专业图表服务于特定的分析和组织需求。

图表类型: 仪表图、组织结构图、时间线

Chart Atlas FAQ

Common questions about data visualization types and how to choose the right chart

The Atlas of Charts is a comprehensive visual reference guide featuring 72 data visualization types organized into 10 categories. It was created to help data analysts, business professionals, and designers quickly identify the most appropriate chart type for their specific data story. Think of it as a periodic table for data visualization.

Charts are organized into 10 functional categories based on the analytical question they answer: Change over Time (13 charts), Magnitude (10), Part-to-whole (10), Deviation (4), Correlation (5), Ranking (6), Distribution (9), Flow (4), Spatial (8), and Other (3). This organization helps you start with your data question and find the right visualization.

ChartGen currently supports 9 chart types with full AI-powered generation: Line Chart, Bar Chart, Pie Chart, Area Chart, Scatter Plot, Heatmap, Combo Chart, Waterfall Chart, and Funnel Chart. These charts are marked with a green 'LIVE' badge in the atlas. We're continuously adding support for more chart types.

Charts marked with a green 'LIVE' badge are fully supported by ChartGen AI | you can click on them to see a preview and then create your own with your data. Charts with a 'Coming Soon' label are part of our development roadmap and will be added in future updates. You can still learn about these chart types in the atlas.

Both show trends over time, but they serve different purposes. Use a Line Chart when you want to emphasize the rate of change and compare multiple series clearly. Use an Area Chart when you want to emphasize the cumulative magnitude or show part-to-whole relationships over time. Area charts work best with fewer data series to avoid visual clutter.

Use a Bar Chart when comparing values across categories, especially when you have many categories or need precise comparisons. Use a Pie Chart only when showing parts of a whole with 2-5 categories and when the proportions are meaningfully different. If your pie slices would be similar in size, a bar chart is usually more effective.

A Waterfall Chart (also called a bridge chart) shows how an initial value is affected by a series of positive and negative changes to reach a final value. It's commonly used in financial analysis to show how revenue becomes profit, explain budget variances, or break down the components of change between two time periods.

Use a Scatter Plot when you want to show the relationship between two continuous variables and identify individual data points, outliers, or clusters. Use a Heatmap when you have categorical data on both axes and want to show the intensity or frequency of combinations. Heatmaps are great for showing patterns across time periods or categories.

Spatial charts (Choropleth, Cartogram, Flow Map, etc.) are used when geographic location is a key dimension of your data. They help answer questions like 'Where are sales highest?', 'How do values vary by region?', or 'What are the movement patterns between locations?'. ChartGen is working on adding map-based visualizations in future updates.

We're always expanding ChartGen's capabilities based on user needs. You can share your chart type requests with us through the Ada.im platform. Popular requests are prioritized in our development roadmap. Currently, we're working on adding Donut, Treemap, Radar, and more statistical chart types.

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